Human Milk and Menstrual Blood: More Taboos and Treatments of Classical Chinese Medicine

A few weeks ago I wrote about Shaolin Grandmaster Wong Kiew Kit’s magical menstrual taboo as described on his site at Shaolin.org:

Many people regularly consulted my Sifu for spiritual advice. His Taoist magic, which he always used for good, was very, very powerful — more powerful than what many people would believe. One day there was a Taoist celebration. My siheng, Ah Seng, who was learning Taoism from my Sifu, gave a demonstration of Taoist magic. He chopped his own leg with a sharp, heavy sword.

Normally the sword would bounce away as my Siheng would be protected by Taoist gods. But that day the gods did not come to protect him, and he did not know. This was because the previous night Ah Seng went out with his girlfriend who happened to be in the midst of her menstruation. Menstruated blood is considered “dirty” by Taoist gods, and Ah Seng was contaminated.

So the heavy sword cut right to his bone. Blood splashed out all over the place. Even if he were taken to hospital, he would bleed to death before arrival.

My Sifu quickly but calmly got a piece of paper nearby. With his sword finger (formed by holding the thumb, fourth and small fingers together, leaving the index and middle fingers straight) he drew some magical formula on the paper while he canted some Taoist mantra. He placed the paper on Ah Seng’s huge wound. The bleeding stopped immediately. The next day there was not even a scar on Ah Seng’s leg! In the range of my Sifu’s Taoist powers, this was only middle-level.

 Today as I continued to read Bernard Read’s rare _Chinese Materia Medica:  Animal Drugs_, I got to the section on menstrual blood which shows this taboo going back to at least the 1597 AD Ben Cao Gang Mu by Li Shi Zhen (one of the largest and most respected ancient compendiums of medicinal lore):
At the onset of menstruation the odour drives away the male.  On account of its impurity it weakens the virility and will cause sickness in the male.  People preparing drug extracts and pharmaceuticals, children developing smallpox, priests under ordination, Taoists during their exercises, all keep away from a menstruating woman.  In Funan Kuo they have magic to prevent knives from cutting people, but if menstrual blood be smeared on the blade it will kill a person.  There is very definite evidence to show that these secretions destroy the vitality of a person.  Li Shi-Chen considers the Taoist prescriptions and uses of this drug too disreputable to be noticed.
Saline, bland, nonpoisonous.
Used as an antidote to arrow poison, and for female weakness.
Many modern students of Taoism and Chinese Medicine were drawn to it because of the notion of balance between Yin and Yang, and the implication of gender equality that one can interpret in the Tai Chi diagram.  There have been many phases of Chinese philosophy, some of them highly misogynistic.  Menstrual taboos are found in many cultures, but this strange one about having magic spells to prevent knife and sword cuts which is negated by a menstruating woman has persisted in Chinese culture for centuries and is still active today.  One would think menstruating women would be useful in battle to defeat the other side’s protective magic.
Following this entry, _Chinese Materia Medica:  Animal Drugs_ lists The Menstrual Cloth:
Ashed, given for sexual weakness in the male after a bout of fever.  The ash is given to women for jaundice.  For cholera.  The blood is used as a base for applying elm bark and other drugs to boils on the back.  Given with indigo for convulsions in children.  That from a virgin is ashed and applied to sores on the penis.  It is administered with clear feces as an antidote to the copper poison used on the arrows of the barbarians.  The ash is given to absorb extravasated blood from wounds.  It is given as an antidote to infections from animal bites and wounds.
Recently on a discussion forum just for professional herbalists, someone asked if other acupuncturists “liked” the works of Paul Unschuld, author of _Medicine in China:  A History of Ideas_, because some of his writings are critical of ancient Chinese medical theories.  Unschuld is regarded as one of the top scholars and translators of Classical Chinese medical texts, and his works are outstanding in the field.  The idea that acupuncturists should dislike him for reporting facts and informed opinions shows some of the intellectual weaknesses in today’s Chinese medicine students that I’m motivated to confront through my writings.  Several acupuncturists have decided they don’t like me for similar reasons, though I only aspire to be the influential scholar that Paul Unschuld is.
In the appendix of _Medicine in China_ Unschuld offers several primary texts in translation.  One is an eighth century work titled “Mysterious and Vital Information from the Outer Tower” by Wang T’ao.  It came to mind because of the menstrual cloth entry:
The physician Chang Miao reported:  A servant woman fell ill.  Only several days later she had sexual relations with six men, all of whom then died.  When a woman falls ill she passes [her illness] to the husband, and when a man falls ill, he, too, can pass his illness to the wife.  The “burnt undergarment remedy” should be administered; it cures both warmth-illness and the exchange of yin [influences].
Take the part of a woman’s clothing that has covered her genitals, burn it, and use the ashes.
This drug should be prepared into a powder.  Take a square-inch spoonful three times daily.  This will cause urine to flow and the glans to swell slightly.  This indicates that a cure has been effected.  When women fall ill, they can utilize the garments of a man in the same way; the drug is taken with wine or water.
This is originally a prescription from [Chang] Chung-ching (Zhang Zhong Jing, a famous Chinese Medicine doctor).  The same instructions are also found in the Chou-hou [pei-chi fang].
This may be one of the earliest mentions of sexually transmitted diseases in medical history.  Most Taoist sexology manuals state that having too much sex with one woman is the cause of sexual weakness, and the cure is to have sex with other, younger women.  It’s interesting to see the ashed women’s undergarments and virgin’s menstrual cloth cures for men’s sexual problems spaced apart from 752 AD to 1597 AD.  I bet this idea is still alive today, even if only in a Shaolin martial arts school.
Going back to Bernard Read’s book on Animal Drugs, the entry on Human Milk is also of interest for it’s history and theories:
Ju Chih.  Human Milk.
The character Ju is composed of Fu meaning confidence in or certainty, and Hua to change or generate, implying that a child depends upon the normal mother to generate milk, hence the old pharmacists created fanciful names such as Sheng Jen Hsueh and Pai Chu Sha.  Milk is said to be formed from female blood in the spleen and stomach and is limited in its distribution to the Ch’ung and Jen parts of the circulation.  When nonpregnant it descends to form the menstrual fluid, during pregnancy it is retained in the body to nourish the foetus, as soon as the child is born the red fluid changes to white and ascends to form milk, this is one of the most mysterious natural phenomena in creation.  Those who practise black art and sorcery use corrupt methods to make young virgins yield milk, changing the menstrual fluid into a lacteal secretion.  Such deceptions are subject to the utmost rigor of the law and are discredited by decent people.
The milk used in medicine is from a mother without sickness after delivery of her firstborn son.  (Same as in ancient Egypt.)  It must be white and thick.  If it be yellow, pink, watery, stinking, or dirty like saliva it must not be used.
Chi Nai is milk secreted during a second pregnancy.  It is considered very poisonous to children, causing them to vomit and defecate, and to develop serious illness.
The character of the milk depends on the habits and food of the mother.  A quiet tempered person who eats mild foods will generate normal bland milk, but hot tempered people who take spicey foods and alcoholic drink or who are suffering from fever, will have milk that is overheating and injurious.  Milk should be taken fresh, whilst it is warm, or dried milk powder can be added to other drugs.  The Sung dynasty records tell of a man who recovered from chronic tuberculosis by taking women’s milk, and another man who lived to 240 years by taking the milk of the wives of his great grandchildren.
Milk is said to benefit the heart action and to be a tonic to the brain, it will cure diabetes insipidus and inflammatory diseases.
The milk drawn into the mouth should be mixed thoroughly with the saliva, the nose should be stopped up with paper, after holding the breath the air in the nose should be slowly drawn through the nasal passages and the milk very slowly swallowed down.  Five to seven mouthfuls are enough for one dose.  If taken straight down it is of no greater benefit than ordinary junket from cow’s milk.
Sweet, saline, not heating, nonpoisonous.
A tonic to the viscera, it makes one fat and sleek.  For conjunctivitis with pain, redness, and lachrymation (trachoma) an old copper coin, is rubbed in milk in a copper container until a decided colour develops.  This is then dropped into the eye daily.  Or coptis root is boiled in the milk.
with salted beans for beef poisoning, and cow’s liver poisoning.  With bird’s excreta to cure fleshy growths in the eye.
A pint of the fermented preparation has a marked rejuvenating effect on dried up old men.  For tuberculosis, apoplexy, fainting fits, aphonia, amennorhoea, for anuria in the newborn given with onion, given with salt and bezoar for regurgitation in the newborn.  Applied to bread to draw the pus from an abscess.  Applied with t’ung oil to leg abscesses.
These are fascinating pieces of medical history.  Perhaps a couple bits are useful–copper has antiviral properties and coptis is highly antibacterial.  Does it go without saying that most of these theories and anecdotes should not be taken seriously today?  Let me know your thoughts in the comments.
I’ve chosen to make Bernard Read’s work _Chinese Materia Medica:  Animal Drugs_ available as a PDF download because it has no copyright and is in the public domain (from what I can tell).  I’m charging a nominal fee to cover my labor, hosting expenses, etc.  If you buy it and have any problems downloading it from the link provided after purchase, just let me know and I’ll be glad to help.
Chinese Materia Medica:  Animal Drugs by Bernard Read
Chinese Materia Medica: Animal Drugs by Bernard Read
This ebook is a 50 megabyte PDF file (black and white). It is out-of-print, but an important and interesting historical reference for students of Chinese herbs and the history of medicine. This is for a downloadable copy, you will be redirected to the download link after checkout.
Price: $3.00

Leave a Reply